Winding is an important part of the motor, and it has many ways of construction compared to the stator and rotor of the motor. I recently read the relevant literature and recorded the learning summary.

The explanation of the relationship between the various speeds on the Internet is too complicated, so I have made a simple and understandable summary about this.

Motor electromotive force calculation

Definition of lead and lag and direction of rotation

FFT2D

Initial position

fft

End Force Cal.

linear motor by comsol